Definition of CALL
Computer Assisted Language
Learning (CALL) is defined as a kind of approach to language teaching and
learning which the computer is used as the tool to support the language
teaching and learning process itself, it can be presenting the material, doing
assessment, doing assignment, and so on. In other words, CALL is related to the utilization of
computer in the language teaching and learning process.
The Reason Why ELT Teachers Use CALL
According to this article
there are several reasons why ELT teachers use CALL.
1. Computers can do
some of the work of the teacher and provide great assistance to the learner
even without the presence of the teacher (Pennington and Steven, 1992).
2. New technologies have
seen computers become smaller, faster, and easier for the teacher to use (Evy,
1997). At present, well-designed CALL software is readily available to the
teacher.
3. Technologies
allow computers to do multimedia applications, incorporating video, sound, and
text, and this capacity allows the learner to interact with both the program
and other learners. (Felix, 1998).
4. The computer
offers great flexibility for class scheduling and pacing of individual
learning, choosing activities and content to suit individual learning styles.
(Oxford and others, 1998)
Uses of Call
in English Language Teaching
1.
Computer as Drill and Practice
In this use of CALL, computers are viewed as a tool for saving
time with the immediate feedback. Drill and practice consists of three steps: providing
stimulus; receiving active response from the learner; and giving immediate
feedback. There are several types of drill and practice activities (exercises)
such as paired associate (matching), sentence completion, multiple choice, part
identification, true-false and short-answer questions.
2. Computer as tutor
The role of the computer as tutor is to present to the students
the content of the lesson such as text graphics, video, animation, or slides,
including learning activities, drills and practice. The computer serves as a
means for delivering instructional materials.
3. Computer used for simulation / problem solving
Simulation and problem solving is used to train our critical
thinking, do discussion and writing activity. The program is designed to create
language interaction to face problematic situation or challenging problem for
learner to solve. This program is usually in form of game which is educational
and entertaining (edutainment)
4. Computer as game
The main principle behind computer gaming is that "Learning
is Fun." The main aim is to create a pleasurable learning environment, and
to motivate the language learner. However, good educational games should have
clear educational objectives. CALL games and simulation games are similar in
that both are designed to motivate students to learn through entertainment. However,
they are different in certain ways. Simulation games always use simulations
(real life situations) in the presentation of a game, while CALL games focus on
providing fun, but challenging environment to the learner.
5. Computer as tool for teachers and learners
Example :
-
Word processor :
Microsoft Word
-
Spelling checker :
Sentry Spelling-Checker Engine
-
Grammar checker :
Grammar check on Microsoft Word
6. Internet application
Example :
Email, FTP (File Transfer Protocol), and www (world wide web)
Tips in Using
CALL
The following are tips for ELT teachers in using CALL:
- CALL is one of many learning resources. In their teaching,
teachers should try to combine it with other learning resources and materials
such as books, magazines, video, audio tape, and etc.
- Teacher should choose appropriate CALL software for the learner.
They have to consider about the age, material, need, and interest of the
students.
- Teaching with computer may not be easy for all teachers. It
requires a lot of preparation, such as setting up the computer itself,
preparing suitable software and materials, including follow up activities.
There should be a good team work among the teachers to support the
implementation of CALL in class.
Conclusion
If teachers can choose the
appropriate program to be used, CALL will be really useful for supporting the
language learning and teaching process. It makes the learning process more interesting
and makes the students are motivated to learn. Using
effective and suitable software applications, CALL can provide communicative
meaningful language learning environments. But CALL will never replace the role
of the teacher. The effectiveness of CALL depends on how the teachers utilize
it to meet the language learning goals for individualized learners in specific
educational settings.
Sources :
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